Head for lathes



June l', 1926. 1,586,677

E. F. H-EARD El' AL HEAD FOR LA THES Filed Nv. 15. 1924 r//f/f? ATTORNEYS BY/d* ym.

Patented .lune 1, 19256.

aries.

EDMLUND F. HEARD, F ELZABETH CITY CQUNTY, AND MAYO M. FTZ HUG-H, OF NEW- PORT NEWS, VIRGNA, ASSIGNORS T0 NE'WPGRT NENS SHPBUILDING & DRY DOCK COMPANY, OF NEW'PORT NEX-VS, VIVRGNA, A CORPORATION 0F VIRGINIA.

HEAD FR. LACH-EES.

Application filed November 13, 1924. Serial No. 749,680.

' Our invention relates to a head for lathes 1nd has for its object the provision of an im proved device of this character. More particularly, it relates to a combinedV driving and steadyingfhead for lathes, polishing` machines, grinders and the lilrel equipped with a central driving head through which y the turning effort is transmitted tort-he piece being operated upon, whereby said piece, which may be an axle, shaft, bar or the like, is driven and steadied, While being turned, burnished, polished, ground or otherwise operated upon'.`

Anotherfobject of our invention is to providev a device of the character described of .rugged and simple construction, which may be readily and easily adjusted by the operator, and which is efficient in operation.

Afurther object of our invention isV to eliminate the use of a dog for driving the piecev being worked upon, toy prevent said piece from springing thereby avoiding chattering, and to keep said piece true or straight during the operation.

kOur invention will be better understood from the following description taken in connection withthe accompanying drawings and its scope will be pointed out Yin the appended claims. Y In the drawings illustrating our` invention: Y I l Fig. 1 is aside elevation of the central portion of a double type of lathe embodying our invention,

Fig. 2 is an end view of our improved driving and vsteadying head,

Fig is a section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2, y Y Y Fig. 4 isl a detailed Vview of a jaw and its operating cam, and v Y Fig. 5 is a detailed view of a` modified type of jaw. Y j

Referring to the drawings in which 1` indicates the bed of a well-known double-end lathe, polishing machine or grinder, having a face plate 2, and gear 3 bearing against the frame 4, which gear is driven through a pinion 8 from a suitable Vpower source in a well understood manner. Our improved driving and steadying head, Vindicated at 5 in Fig. 1, is secured to face plate 2 by a suitable number of bolts 6, and driven therewith. Y y As shownin Figs. 2 and, our combined driving and'steadying head 5 comprises a metallic frame or annular iember 7. In the preferred form, the annular member 7 is a 'separate unit, although if desired, it could be made i tegral with the face plate 2,.

`in designing a machine with a central driving head, as mentioned hereinbefore, in order to secure the maximum stiffness and i V ity of the machine, it is desirable to keep tne center about which the work rotates as near the bed of the lathe as possible, which result is attained by our invention.v On its exterior surface, the annular member 7 is provided with a. plurality of hinged blocks, two of which are shown at 8 and 9, pivoted on pins 10 and 11 respectively, which pins are supported in lugs. 12,18and 14, 151e spectively formed on said annular member. The blocks 8 and 9 are provided with steadying rests 16 and 17 respectively. The annular member 7 is also provided with a block 18, pivoted on a pin 19, supported in lugs 20, 21, formed on said annular member, y

said block 18 having a toothed or serrated driving member 22 as will be more fully described hereinafter. The axes of pins 10, 11 and 19 are tangent or approximately tangent to a circle drawnwith its center at the center of the piece being worked upon indicated by the broken circle Aand thebloclrs 8, Sand 18 are hinged on said pins respectively so that their free ends, carrying the rests 16 and 17 and driving member 22 re,- spectively, may swing outward from the face plate 2 and away from the center of said annular member, thus providing a relatively ylarge opening for the passage of axles,

shafts, and the like into and out of the machine. l/Vhile we do not limit ourselves'to any particular number of blocks 8, 9 and 18, three of such blocks are shown, which are arranged equidistantly from each other.

The. steadying rests 16 and 17, are provided at their free endswith similar pins 28 and 24 respectively.r The outer ends of said pins bear aga-inst the piece beingturned, indicated at A, and their inner ends engage similar cams 25 and 26, one of which is shown in detail in Fig. 4. The pins 23 and 24 may be provided with shoulders 27 and 28 respectively, and blocks 16 and 17 may be cut away as shown to receive springs 29 and 30 respectively, which arrangement is best `shown in Fig. 3. By this arrangement,

lti

the pins 23 and 2lmay be locked in the de-Y sired position by rotataion of the cams 25 and 26 in a manner readily understood. 2H de-Y sired, the steadying rests 16, 17 VYmay Ybe threaded internally and the pins Q4 provided with cooperating external threads, n In this torm, the ends indicated in 5. ot the pins areprovided with a swiveled block 3l, and adjustmentv may be made by means ot a nut n :The toothed or serrated drif-.ing member 2Q is pivoted on VVa pin 33 iarallel with the axis o' the piece A. The outer toothed. portion 3l oit member 22 is curved and in the form ot a segmentot' a circle, although it may assume other tormsfsuch a series of intersecting circles, or a series otpoints connected by straight or curved surfaces, the gripping surface so termed, not being equi-distant from the center about which the member rotates. Vilhile ive have shown the outer gripping surface ot' member Q2 as'toothed, it is of course understood that this surface may le plain or assume other forms. Thus. it the driving member or dog 2Q is rotatet bout its center in direction opposite from that in which the axle i or shaft A. is rotated when being turned, a portion ot the driving or gripping` surf-aco vS-l is moved toward the axle or shart A substantially in a plane transverse to the axis ot the shaft, and upon coming in Contact with;Y said axle or shat't, it tends to rotate the axle er shaft withthe 'driving head 5.; The. greater the resistance otliered to rotation ot' the axle or shatt by the cutting, burnishing, grinding or polishing tools, the greater will be the e'li'ort or tendeney ot gripping member 22 to torce the axle or shatt A to rotate with the tace plate 2.

rlhe blocks S, 9 and 1S are eaeh provided with a pin 35, best shown in Fig, arranged to Yengage a stop 36 tixed on annular member when the blocks are swung to their open positions, the open position; ot block l) being indicated in broken lines in Fig. 3. In order to retain the rests l@ and l? and the gripping` member Q9 in whatever position they are placed, and particularly to prevent their falling into the closed position while the piece A is being pla-eed in the lathe;y each of the blocks is provided with a recess Si on the surface adjacent the aimular member 7, adapted to receive a tlat spring 3S, best illustrated in Eig. 3, although we .do not limitburselves to this particular meansgtor accomplishing this result. Y

lffhen the annular member 'T is not made integral with tace plate 2, to compensate tor Ywear in the centers ot the lathe and to per-g mit adjustment to be made in the carrying centers upon which the piece A rotates without loosening or ungripping the drivingf;

mechanism, resilient means, prefer bly rub- Washers 39,7are placed on each of the serengs 6, intermediate the annular member 7 and tace plate Q. Thus a perceiitible movement along the axis o" the lathe centers of the driving mechan i may be ohtained, and the. axle or shaft with the entire driving mechanism e ept Ae plate itself can be moved in a direction parallel to tht` line ot centers oi the lathe. Y TFrom the foregoing, it will be seen that we have proviled" a mechanism in which the points ot contact between the piece A being operated upon and the driving head and steadying rests do not move with respect to each other, and that the turning ettort, necessary for driving the piece A is transmitted through the gripping member 22 and pins Q55 and oi'- the steadying res; I.

From a consideration ot the above description, taken in connection with the drawings, our invention will be apparent without 'further e:-;planation, and the advantages set forth prior to the detailed description will readily be recogrized. ve do not wish to be understood as beingl limited to the details el Ylorm or arrangement ol parts herein r-et forth. tor various changes may Je made by those skilled in the art without departing troni the spirit and scope ot our invention.

Yfhat we claim and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is: l

l. In a machine tool, a combined drivin;r and steadying device comprising a support; frame, means toil rigidlylixing the same to the grotatable head of the machine tool. a plurality of steadying rests thereon adapted to permit rotation olthe work with respect thereto, a driving element on said traineE adapted to swing laterally with respect to the Work and clamp the latter when said work tends to turn with respect to said steadying rests, and means on said trame connected with said rests and gripping member to permit displacement. thereof to inactive positions when the work is removed.

2. In ar device ot the character described having a central driving head, an annular member on said head having steadying rests anda gripping member pivoted'thereonrj arranged to engage the element to be operated upon, whereby the turning etl'ort ot said driving head is transmitted to said element by said gripping member, said rests and gripping member being arranged to swingr toward and away trom the axis ot' said head, said gripping member bein;r pivotallv mounted to swing` transversely.' ot said element to increase the torce transmitted thereto.

I n a device ot the clnrracter described, a combined driving and stcadying head comprising an annular member, a plurality of adjustable inwardly extending steadying rests pivoted on said member, each ot said nrests having a slidable pin attheir free ends,

a cam for actuating said pin and resilient means urging said pin against the cam, an inwardly extending gripping element pivoted on said annular member, said rests and gripping element being arranged to swing toward and from the axis 0ic said device, whereby the elementl to be turned may be supported by and driven through said rests and gripping element.

mln a device of the'character described, a combined driving and steadying head comprising an annular member, a plurality of inwardly extending steadying rests pivoted on said member, eachoi1 said rests having a slidable pin at their treeends, a cam lor actuating said pin and resilient means urging said pin against the cam, an inwardly p from its pivot point to the point of ContactV extending gripping element pivotedl on said annular member comprising a member pivoted on an axis parallel with the axis of the element to be turned and having a gripping surface varying with respect to its axis, said rests and gripping element being arranged to swing toward and -from the axis of said device, whereby the element to be turned may be supported by and driven through said rests and gripping element.

5. In a device of the character described, a combined driving and steadying head comprising anv annular member, a plurality of inwardly extending steadying rests pivoted on Said member, an inwardly extending gripping element pivoted on said annular member, said rests and gripping element be ing arranged to swing longitudinally toward and from the axis of said device, said Ygripping element being pivotally mounted to swing transversely of the axis of the element to be turned and shaped so that when swung from its normal position the distance with the work is increased, whereby the element to be turned may be supported by and driven througl'i said rests and gripping element respectively and means limiting the outward movement of said steadying rests and gripping element.

6. In a. machine tool, a combined driving and steadying head comprising an annular member, a driving head pivotally mounted upon said member, a plurality of steadying rests pivotally mounted upon said member and comprising radially-adjustable elements adapted to support. the work radially and to permit turning ot the work with respect thereto, a driving' element pivoted'to said. driving head, and adapted to swing laterally with respect to the work and to contact therewith and clamp the same at various distances from its pivot point on the driving head.

7. In a head tor lathes, an annular member through which an element to be operated on is adapted to pass, three members for holding the element in position in the annular member, two of the members being adjustably mounted pins adapted to support the work radially while permitting rotative movement with respect thereto, the third member being a serrated gripping member, each of the members being pivotally mounted on the annular member so as to swing towards a position substantially parallel with the aXis of the element and thus to enlarge the space between them to facilitate introduction of the element and the gripping member being pivotally mounted to rotate towards and from the element substantially in a transverse plane.

Signed this 8th day of November, 1924.

EDMUND F. HEARD. MAYO M. FITZ HUGH. 

